High-Power Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Injection-Locked Magnetron Technology

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202202002

ZTE Communications ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 3-12.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202202002

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High-Power Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Injection-Locked Magnetron Technology

YANG Bo¹(), MITANI Tomohiko¹, SHINOHARA Naoki¹, ZHANG Huaiqing²

^1.RISH, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6110011, Japan
^2.Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

Received:2022-04-18 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-05-24
About author:YANG Bo (yang_bo@rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp) received the BE degree in electronic information engineering from China University of Petroleum (Qingdao), China in 2008, the ME and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from Kyoto University, Japan in 2018 and 2020. From 2019 to 2021, he conducted research on high-power wireless power transfer systems, supported by Research Fellowships for Young Scientists sponsored by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). He is currently researching high-power microwave wireless power transmission at the Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University. From 2008 to 2015, he was an RF engineer with the DAIHEN Group, China.|MITANI Tomohiko received the BE degree in electrical and electronic engineering, ME degree in informatics, and PhD degree in electrical engineering from Kyoto University, Japan in 1999, 2001, and 2006, respectively. In 2003, he was an assistant professor with the Radio Science Center for Space and Atmosphere, Kyoto University. Since 2012, he has been an associate professor with the Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University. His current research interests include the experimental study of magnetrons, microwave power transmission systems, and applied microwave engineering. Dr. MITANI is a member of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE) and the Japan Society of Electromagnetic Wave Energy Applications (JEMEA). He has been a board member of JEMEA since 2015. He was the treasurer of IEEE MTT-S Kansai Chapter from 2014 to 2021.|SHINOHARA Naoki received the BE degree in electronic engineering, and the ME and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from Kyoto University, Japan in 1991, 1993, and 1996, respectively. Since 1996, he has been with the Radio Atmospheric Science Center, Kyoto University, where he has been a research associate since 2000, an associate professor since 2001, and a professor since 2010. He was the founder and Advisory Committee member of IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference, the vice chair of URSI commission D, the executive editor of International Journal of Wireless Power Transfer (Cambridge Press), the first chair and Technical Committee member of IEICE Wireless Power Transfer, an adviser of Japan Society of Electromagnetic Wave Energy Applications, the vice chair of Space Solar Power Systems Society, the chair of Wireless Power Transfer Consortium for Practical Applications (WiPoT), and the chair of Wireless Power Management Consortium (WPMc).|ZHANG Huaiqing received the BE, ME and PhD (Eng) degrees in electrical engineering from Chongqing University, China in 2000, 2003 and 2008, respectively. He joined the School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University as a research associate in 2003 and has been a professor since 2014. His research interests include microwave power transmission applications, power signal processing, and electromagnetic field theory and applications. He is a member of several special committees (Space Solar Power Station, Wireless Energy Transmission, and Electrical Theory and New Technology). He is vice president of the Electromagnetic Field Teaching and Textbook Research Association.
Supported by:
the collaborative research program from the Microwave Energy Transmission Laboratory (METLAB), Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University and National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), JAPAN(02401)

Abstract

Abstract:

Applications using simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) have increased significantly. Wireless communication technologies can be combined with the Internet of Things to develop many innovative applications using SWIPT, which is mainly based on wireless energy harvesting from electromagnetic waves used in communications. Wireless power transfer that uses magnetrons has been developed for communication technologies. Injection-locked magnetrons that can be used to facilitate high-power SWIPT for several devices are reviewed in this paper. This new technology is expected to pave the way for promoting the application of SWIPT in a wide range of fields.

Key words: simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, wireless power transfer, magnetrons, injection?locked, Internet of Energy, Internet of Things

YANG Bo, MITANI Tomohiko, SHINOHARA Naoki, ZHANG Huaiqing. High-Power Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Injection-Locked Magnetron Technology[J]. ZTE Communications, 2022, 20(2): 3-12.

Figures/Tables 17

Figure 1 Applications of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT)

Figure 2 Schematic of injection-locked magnetron system

Table 1 Parameters measured in injection-locked magnetron experiments[19]

		Injection signal (signal generator & amplifier)				Magnetron output
Type	Data rate	EVM/%	MAG Err/%	Phase Err/deg	Freq Err/Hz	EVM/%	MAG Err/%	Phase Err/deg	Freq Err/Hz
ASK	200 kbit/s	1.74	1.48	0.540 4	3 489.5	2.29	0.49	1.307 4	3 708.7
BPSK	10 Mbit/s	4.24	4.02	0.776 3	78.137	8.85	8.33	1.704 8	3 397.1
QPSK	10 Mbit/s	5.29	4.10	1.933 7	3.606 8	9.21	7.17	3.277 6	-18.842
8PSK	5 Mbit/s	5.62	4.06	2.254 2	41.388	11.37	6.36	5.457 7	78.593
MSK	10 Mbit/s	3.03	0.91	3.652 5	3.326 9	6.56	3.02	2.885 8	30.079
Type	Data rate/(Mbit/s)	FSK Err/%	MAG Err/%	CF offset/kHz	Freq DEV/Hz	FSK Err/%	MAG Err/%	CF Offset/kHz	Freq DEV/Hz
2 FSK	10	2.61	0.83	1.731 3	975.96	6.38	8.12	0.1730	928.88
4 FSK	10	2.22	0.75	-2.411 6	972.16	5.13	0.64	2.913 8	929.53
8 FSK	5	0.78	0.78	0.175 17	993.53	1.45	0.62	0.263 6	981.90
16 FSK	10	2.09	0.65	0.661 01	976.22	4.20	0.61	10.662	1 025.4

Figure 3 Schematic of phase-controlled magnetron system used in radio broadcasting[19]

Figure 4 Audio signal and demodulated signal obtained from a phase-modulated (PM) signal transmitted by the injection-locked magnetron (without filter)

Figure 5 Schematic of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) used in an injection-locked magnetron to control an electric trolley[32]

Figure 6 Picture of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system used in an electric trolley control system

Figure 7 Pictures of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system used in an electric trolley control system[32]

Figure 8 Modulated and demodulated signals produced by the injection-locked magnetron[32]

Figure 9 Schematic of TV broadcasting system using an injection-locked magnetron[19]

Figure 10 Picture of TV broadcasting system using an injection-locked magnetron[19]

Figure 11 Schematic of wirelessly powered TV system[20]

Table 2 Parameters of wirelessly powered TV[20]

Parameter	Value
Magnetron	2M236-M42 (Panasonic)
Anode current	140 mA
Anode voltage	-3.68 kV (DC)
Filament current	7.4 A
Filament voltage	3.35 V (AC 60Hz)
Injected power	10 W
Output frequency	2.448–2.450 GHz
Output power	329 W (RF)
Rectified power	48 W (DC)
Modulation	Frequency, modulation
Transmitter antenna	Gain 16 dBi (SPC)
TV	LL-M1550A (Sharp)

Figure 12 Picture of wirelessly powered TV[20]

Figure 13 Picture of 5.8 GHz magnetron-based phased array used in the wireless power transfer (WPT) experiment[25]

Figure 14 Schematic of high-power simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system used by the magnetron phased array[34]

Figure 15 Picture of high-power simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system used by the magnetron phased array[34]

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High-Power Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Injection-Locked Magnetron Technology

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