Scheduling Policies for Federated Learning in Wireless Networks: An Overview

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202002003

ZTE Communications ›› 2020, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 11-19.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202002003

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Scheduling Policies for Federated Learning in Wireless Networks: An Overview

SHI Wenqi, SUN Yuxuan, HUANG Xiufeng, ZHOU Sheng(), NIU Zhisheng

Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2020-02-10 Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-08-07
About author:SHI Wenqi received his B.S. degree in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, China in 2017. He is pursuing his Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering with Tsinghua University. His research interests include edge computing, machine learning and machine learning applications in wireless communications.|SUN Yuxuan received her B.S. degree in telecommunications engineering from Tianjin University, China, in 2015. She is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering with Tsinghua University. Her research interests include mobile edge computing, vehicular cloud computing and distributed machine learning.|HUANG Xiufeng received his B.S. degree in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, China, in 2018. He is currently a Ph.D. student in electronic engineering with Tsinghua University. His research interests include machine learning, edge computing and performance optimization for machine learning applications in wireless networks.|ZHOU Sheng (sheng.zhou@tsinghua.edu.cn) received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, China, in 2005 and 2011, respectively. He is currently an associate professor of Electronic Engineering Department, Tsinghua University. His research interests include cross-layer design for multiple antenna systems, vehicular networks, mobile edge computing and green wireless communications.|NIU Zhisheng graduated from Beijing Jiaotong University, China, in 1985, and got his M.E. and D.E. degrees from Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan, in 1989 and 1992, respectively. During 1992–1994, he worked for Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Japan, and in 1994, he joined in Tsinghua University, China, where he is now a professor at the Department of Electronic Engineering. His major research interests include queueing theory, traffic engineering, mobile Internet, radio resource management of wireless networks, and green communication and networks.
Supported by:
the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1800800);the Nature Science Foundation of China(61871254)

Abstract

Abstract:

Due to the increasing need for massive data analysis and machine learning model training at the network edge, as well as the rising concerns about data privacy, a new distributed training framework called federated learning (FL) has emerged and attracted much attention from both academia and industry. In FL, participating devices iteratively update the local models based on their own data and contribute to the global training by uploading model updates until the training converges. Therefore, the computation capabilities of mobile devices can be utilized and the data privacy can be preserved. However, deploying FL in resource-constrained wireless networks encounters several challenges, including the limited energy of mobile devices, weak onboard computing capability, and scarce wireless bandwidth. To address these challenges, recent solutions have been proposed to maximize the convergence rate or minimize the energy consumption under heterogeneous constraints. In this overview, we first introduce the backgrounds and fundamentals of FL. Then, the key challenges in deploying FL in wireless networks are discussed, and several existing solutions are reviewed. Finally, we highlight the open issues and future research directions in FL scheduling.

Key words: federated learning, wireless network, edge computing, scheduling

SHI Wenqi, SUN Yuxuan, HUANG Xiufeng, ZHOU Sheng, NIU Zhisheng. Scheduling Policies for Federated Learning in Wireless Networks: An Overview[J]. ZTE Communications, 2020, 18(2): 11-19.

Figures/Tables 6

References 38

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Technology	Highlights	Related Works
Power alignment	· Fundamental tradeoffs under Rayleigh fading channel	Ref. [23]
	· Online energy-aware dynamic device scheduling policy	Ref. [24]
	· Device scheduling for multi-antenna analog aggregation	Ref. [25]
Sparsification and error accumulation	· Gradient sparsification and error accumulation · Device scheduling policy under average power constraint	Refs. [26–27]
Data redundancy	· Introducing data redundancy to deal with non-independent and identically distributed (non-i.i.d.) data	Ref. [24]

Technology	Highlights	Related Works
Power alignment	· Fundamental tradeoffs under Rayleigh fading channel	Ref. [23]
	· Online energy-aware dynamic device scheduling policy	Ref. [24]
	· Device scheduling for multi-antenna analog aggregation	Ref. [25]
Sparsification and error accumulation	· Gradient sparsification and error accumulation · Device scheduling policy under average power constraint	Refs. [26–27]
Data redundancy	· Introducing data redundancy to deal with non-independent and identically distributed (non-i.i.d.) data	Ref. [24]

Technology	Highlights	Related Works
Aggregation frequency adaption	· Global aggregation frequency adaption under given resource constraints.	Ref. [29]
Aggregation frequency adaption	· Extending Ref. [29] into a client-edge-cloud hierarchical FL system	Ref. [30]
Local accuracy tuning	· Tuning local model accuracy to balance the tradeoff between local update and global aggregation · Energy- and convergence-aware resource allocation	Refs. [31–32]
Device scheduling	· Energy- and convergence-aware joint scheduling and resource allocation	Ref. [17]
	·Consider unreliable wireless transmissions	Refs. [35–36]
	· Maximize the convergence rate with respect to time	Refs. [16] and [37]

Technology	Highlights	Related Works
Aggregation frequency adaption	· Global aggregation frequency adaption under given resource constraints.	Ref. [29]
Aggregation frequency adaption	· Extending Ref. [29] into a client-edge-cloud hierarchical FL system	Ref. [30]
Local accuracy tuning	· Tuning local model accuracy to balance the tradeoff between local update and global aggregation · Energy- and convergence-aware resource allocation	Refs. [31–32]
Device scheduling	· Energy- and convergence-aware joint scheduling and resource allocation	Ref. [17]
	·Consider unreliable wireless transmissions	Refs. [35–36]
	· Maximize the convergence rate with respect to time	Refs. [16] and [37]

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Scheduling Policies for Federated Learning in Wireless Networks: An Overview

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