Doppler Rate Estimation for OTFS via Large-Scale Antenna Array

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202501015

ZTE Communications ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 115-122.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202501015

• Research Papers • Previous Articles

Doppler Rate Estimation for OTFS via Large-Scale Antenna Array

SHAN Yaru¹, WANG Fanggang¹(), HAO Yaxing¹, HUA Jian², XIN Yu²

^1.Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
^2.ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen 518057, China

Received:2024-03-22 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-03-25
About author:SHAN Yaru received her BE degree from the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, China in 2018. She is currently pursuing her PhD degree with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, China. Her current research interests include signal processing, orthogonal time frequency space, signal detection in high-speed scenarios, and integrated sensing and communication.
WANG Fanggang (fgwang@bjtu.edu.cn) received his BE and PhD degrees from the School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China in 2005 and 2010, respectively. He was a post-doctoral fellow with the Institute of Network Coding, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China from 2010 to 2012. He was a visiting scholar with the Singapore University of Technology and Design in 2014, and with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA from 2015 to 2016. He is currently a professor with the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, China. His research interests include wireless communications, signal processing, and information theory. He served as a technical program committee member for several conferences. He served as an editor for IEEE Communications Letters.
HAO Yaxing received his BE degree from the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, China in 2021, where he is currently pursuing his PhD degree with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety. His current research interests include signal processing, orthogonal time frequency space, and signal detection in high-speed scenario.
HUA Jian received his MS degree from Harbin Engineering University, China, and now works at ZTE Corporation as an intermediate engineer. His research interests include phase noise model and compensation scheme design, waveform modulation and other technologies in terahertz communication scenarios.
XIN Yu graduated with a PhD degree from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China in 2003. He currently works at ZTE Corporation as a senior engineer and senior expert in technology pre-research, specializing in wireless communication technology. He first put forward the FB-OFDM and GFBOFDM waveform schemes and has published dozens of papers on waveform research. He is currently responsible for pre-research on candidate new waveforms for 6G.
Supported by:
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022JBQY004);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62471026);the Zhongguancun XinXi Disruptive Technology Innovation Foundation(ZZ?2024?001);the Joint Funds for Railway Fundamental Research of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2368201);the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20240471);ZTE Industry?University?Institute Cooperation Funds(HC?CN?03?2019?12)

Abstract

Abstract:

Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) can resist the Doppler effect and guarantee reliable communication in high-speed scenarios. However, the Doppler rate induced by the relative acceleration between the transmitter and receiver degrades the performance of the OTFS. So far, the impact of the Doppler rate on OTFS systems has not been addressed. In this paper, we first introduce the Doppler rate in the OTFS system and derive the delay-Doppler domain input-output relation. In addition, the impact of the Doppler rate on the effective delay-Doppler domain channel is characterized by utilizing the first mean value theorem for definite integrals to avoid complicated integrals. To mitigate the effect of the Doppler rate, a large-scale antenna array is arranged at the receiver to separate each path of the multi-path channel through a high-resolution spatial matched filter beamformer. Next, the Doppler rate estimation scheme for an arbitrary order Doppler rate is proposed based on the successive interference cancellation pattern and the maximization of the spectrum of the ratio of high-order moments between the received samples in the identified branch and the transmitted samples. Finally, the estimation accuracy of the Doppler rate and the error performance of the proposed transceiver are validated by the numerical results.

Key words: beamforming, Doppler rate, OTFS

SHAN Yaru, WANG Fanggang, HAO Yaxing, HUA Jian, XIN Yu. Doppler Rate Estimation for OTFS via Large-Scale Antenna Array[J]. ZTE Communications, 2025, 23(1): 115-122.

Figures/Tables 6

Figure 1 Difference of the delay-Doppler domain channel matrix ΔHk,l[k',l'] meshes with the highest order of the Doppler rate Q=1, where the values of the a1 in (a), (b), (c), and (d) are set as 49 Hz/s, 490 Hz/s, 4 900 Hz/s, and 49×108 Hz/s, respectively

Figure 2 Difference of the delay-Doppler domain channel matrix ΔHk,l[k',l'] meshes with the highest order of the Doppler rate Q=2, where the values of a2 are all set as 49×108 Hz/s2; the values of a1 in (a), (b), (c), and (d) are set as 49 Hz/s, 490 Hz/s, 4 900 Hz/s, and 49×108 Hz/s, respectively

Figure 3 Diagram of the proposed scheme to estimate the Doppler rate in the first frame

Figure 4 BER is evaluated under the different values of the Doppler rate and without the Doppler rate effect compensation, where the results demonstrate that the error performance deteriorates as the Doppler rate increases

Figure 5 NMSE of the Doppler rate is evaluated under the four values of the receive antenna, namely 32, 64, 128, and 256. The highest order of the Doppler rate is 2, i.e., Q=2, a1=49×108 Hz/s and a2=49×1012 Hz/s2. We can see that the performance of the proposed transceiver improves with the increasing number of the receive antenna

Figure 6 BER is evaluated under the three schemes and the two values of the highest order of the Doppler rate. We can see that the proposed scheme can achieve nearly the same performance as the perfect Doppler rate compensation under both the first order and the second order Doppler rate conditions

References 12

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Doppler Rate Estimation for OTFS via Large-Scale Antenna Array

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