Dual-Polarized 2D Beam-Scanning Antenna Based on Reconfigurable Reflective Elements

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202501011

ZTE Communications ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 85-89.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202501011

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Dual-Polarized 2D Beam-Scanning Antenna Based on Reconfigurable Reflective Elements

LIU Zhipeng¹, LI Kexin¹, CAI Yuanming¹(), LIU Feng², GUO Jiayin²

^1.National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
^2.Department of RHP System, ZTE Corporation, Xi’an 710065, China

Received:2023-09-11 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-03-25
About author:LIU Zhipeng received his BS degree from Xidian University, China in 2021. He is currently pursuing his master's degree in electromagnetic wave and microwave technology at Xidian University. His current research interests include reconfigurable metasurface antennas and base station antennas.
LI Kexin received his BS degree from Shandong University of Science and Technology, China in 2021. He is currently pursuing his master's degree in new-generation electronic information technology at Xidian University, China. His current research interests include phased array design and reconfigurable antenna design.
CAI Yuanming (ymcai@xidian.edu.cn) received his BS degree in electronic information engineering and PhD degree in electromagnetic wave and microwave technology from Xidian University, China in 2011 and 2016, respectively. He is currently an associate professor with the National Key Laboratory of Radar Detection and Sensing, the School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University. His current research interests include multiband and wideband antennas, circularly polarized antennas, and reconfigurable antennas.
LIU Feng received his BS and PhD degrees from Xidian University, China in 2016 and 2021, respectively. He has been a senior RF system engineer in the RCH System Design Department of ZTE Corporation since 2021.
GUO Jiayin received her BS degree in electronic information engineering and PhD degree in electronic science and technology from Xidian University, China in 2016 and 2022, respectively. She has been a senior RF engineer in the RCH System Design Department of ZTE Corporation since 2022.
Supported by:
ZTE Industry?University?Institute Cooperation Funds(HC?CN?20220719005)

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, a dual-polarized antenna operating at 3.5 GHz is presented with 2D beam-scanning performance. The steerable beam is realized based on a 2×2 active reflective metasurface. The active metasurface is composed of folded annular rings and cross dipoles embedded with voltage-controlled varactor diodes. By tuning the capacitance values of the varactors, the reflective phase of the metasurface is reconfigured to tilt the main beam. To verify the scanning performance, a prototype is fabricated and measured. At 3.5 GHz, the measured scanning ranges are from -25° to 29° and -27° to 29° in the XOZ and YOZ planes, respectively.

Key words: dual-polarized antenna, reflective metasurface, 2D beam scanning, varactor diode

LIU Zhipeng, LI Kexin, CAI Yuanming, LIU Feng, GUO Jiayin. Dual-Polarized 2D Beam-Scanning Antenna Based on Reconfigurable Reflective Elements[J]. ZTE Communications, 2025, 23(1): 85-89.

Figures/Tables 7

Figure 1 Geometry of the proposed reconfigurable reflective element: (a) 3D view; (b) top view (L1=38.5 mm, L2=30 mm, L3=7 mm, W1=1 mm, W2=1 mm, and W3=2 mm)

Figure 2 Reflective amplitude and phase response versus frequencies at different capacitance values of each varactor

Figure 3 Geometry of the proposed antenna: (a) 3D view; (b) structure of bias circuit for varactors; (c) printed cross dipole

Figure 4 Fabricated antenna prototype under measurements: (a) S parameter measurement setup and (b) radiation pattern measurement setup

Table 1 Beam states of the proposed antenna and the setup of varactors

Beam State	Varactor Capacitance/pF				Varactor Biasing Voltage/V
Beam State	C₁	C₂	C₃	C₄	U₁	U₂	U₃	U₄
I	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	30	30	30	30
II	0.31	1.10	1.10	0.31	30	0	0	30
III	1.10	0.31	0.31	1.10	0	30	30	0
IV	0.31	0.31	1.10	1.10	30	30	0	0
V	1.10	1.10	0.31	0.31	0	0	30	30

Figure 5 S parameters at different beam states: (a) simulated S11; (b) simulated S12; (c) measured S11; (d) measured S12

Figure 6 Radiation patterns of different beam states: (a) State Ⅰ in the XOZ plane; (b) State Ⅱ in the XOZ plane; (c) State Ⅲ in the XOZ plane;(d) State Ⅰ in the YOZ plane; (e) State Ⅳ in the YOZ plane; (f) State Ⅴ in the YOZ plane

References 9

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Dual-Polarized 2D Beam-Scanning Antenna Based on Reconfigurable Reflective Elements

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