Adaptability Analysis of Fluctuating Traffic for IP Switching and Optical Switching

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202101010

ZTE Communications ›› 2021, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 82-90.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202101010

• Research Paper • Previous Articles

Adaptability Analysis of Fluctuating Traffic for IP Switching and Optical Switching

LIAN Meng¹, GU Rentao¹(), JI Yuefeng¹, WANG Dajiang², LI Hongbiao²

^1.Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Network, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
^2.Wireline Product Planning Department, ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen 518057, China

Received:2020-04-08 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-09
About author:LIAN Meng received the B.S. degree from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China in 2018. He is currently pursuing the master degree with the State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His research interests include intelligent optical network and IP-optical network survivability.|GU Rentao (rentaogu@bupt.edu.cn) received the B.E. and Ph.D. degrees from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), China in 2005 and 2010, respectively. From 2008 to 2009, he was a visiting scholar with the Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. He is currently a professor and Vice Dean in the School of Information and Telecommunication Engineering, BUPT. His current research interests include optical networking and intelligent information processing. He is a senior member of IEEE, China Institute of Communications, and Chinese Institute of Electronics.|JI Yuefeng received the Ph.D. degree from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China. He is currently a professor and the deputy director of the State Key Lab of Information Photonics and Optical Communications there. His research interests are primarily in the area of broadband communication networks and optical communications, with emphasis on key theory, realization of technology, and applications. He is a Fellow of the China Institute of Communications, Chinese Institute of Electronics, and IET.|WANG Dajiang is currently the product planning manager of ZTE’s Bearer Network. His main research interests include intelligent network analysis, intent based optical network, and the applications of digital twin in the field of optical network. He participated in 3 national science and technology projects related to intelligent optical network management and control, published more than 10 technical documents, and obtained more than 20 Chinese and International granted patents.|LI Hongbiao is currently the chief engineer of ZTE Bearer Network Product Line Planning. He has been engaged in the research and planning on SDN/NFV, IP + optical, and cloud datacenter products for many years. The related products and solutions have won many awards in SDN /NFV Global Conferences, China Institute of Communication, etc.
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFB1800504);the ZTE Research Fund, China

Abstract

Abstract:

The technological development of smart devices and Internet of Things (IoT) has brought ever-larger bandwidth and fluctuating traffic to existing networks. The analysis of network capital expenditure (CAPEX) is extremely important and plays a fundamental role in further network optimizing. In this paper, an adaptability analysis is raised for IP switching and optical transport network (OTN) switching in CAPEX when the service bandwidth is fluctuating violently. This paper establishes a multi-layer network architecture through Clos network model and discusses impacts of maximum allowable blocking rate and service bandwidth standard deviation on CAPEX of IP network and OTN network to find CAPEX demarcation point in different situations. As simulation results show, when the bandwidth deviation mean rate is 0.3 and the maximum allowable blocking rate is 0.01, the hardware cost of OTN switching will exceed IP switching as the average bandwidth is greater than 6 100 Mbit/s. When the service bandwidth fluctuation is severe, the hardware cost of OTN switching will increase and exceed IP switching as the single port rate is allowed in optical switching. The increasing of maximum allowable blocking rate can decrease hardware cost of OTN switching. Finally, it is found that Flex Ethernet (FlexE) can be used to decrease CAPEX of OTN switching greatly at this time.

Key words: bandwidth fluctuating, CAPEX, OTN switching, IP switching, FlexE

LIAN Meng, GU Rentao, JI Yuefeng, WANG Dajiang, LI Hongbiao. Adaptability Analysis of Fluctuating Traffic for IP Switching and Optical Switching[J]. ZTE Communications, 2021, 19(1): 82-90.

Figures/Tables 7

Figure 1 Architecture of the datacenter network

Figure 2 Multi-level Clos network: (a) datacenter network; (b) datacenter network mapped to Clos network model; (c) middle layer of Clos network for splitting

Table 1 Cost parameters for normalized OTN equipment

OTN Equipment	Composition		Normalized Cost
Common unit	Common unit		3.83
Service unit	Port	Capacity/G
	16	2.5	1.25
	12	10	2.22
	2	40	2.29
	2	100	1.59
	1	100	1.83

Table 2 Cost parameters for normalized IP router

IP Router	Composition		Cost
Base system	Base system		10
Processor card	A-type network processor card		21.14
Processor card	B-type network processor card		84.13
Line card	Port	Capacity/G
	1	100	58.57
	3	40	52.06
	10	10	24.57
	8	2.5	97.62
Optical module		100	53.97
		40	8.41
		10	0.22
		2.5	0.16

Table 3 Notations, costs and variables

Notation	Description
$N r$	Total number of service requests
$P = 1,2, 3,4$	Card type set for IP/OTN equipment
$C j$	Port rate set for different types of cards
$N i p_c a r d j / N o t n_c a r d j$	Number of mother card j on one piece of IP/OTN equipment
$N p o r t_i p j / N p o r t_o t n j$	Number of port for IP/OTN equipment on one card j
$C i p - b a s e$	Cost for base system of IP equipment
$C i p - a$ / $C i p - b$	Cost for A-type/B-type card of IP equipment
$C i p - i n t e r f a c e j$ / $C i p - m o d u l e j$	Cost for line card/optical module of IP equipment on one card j
$C o t n - b a s e$	Cost for common unit of OTN equipment
$C o t n_b u s i n e s s j$ / $C o t n - m o d u l e$	Cost for service unit/optical module of OTN equipment
$C t o t a l_i p$ / $C t o t a l_o t n$	Total hardware cost for IP/OTN equipment
$N e d g e_r o u t e r$ / $N c o r e_r o u t e r$	Number of convergence/core IP equipment
$N e d g e_o t n$ / $N c o r e_o t n$	Number of convergence/core OTN equipment
$B s d$	Bandwidth after the OTN multiplexing
$n i t e r$	Iteration time for splitting the middle layer SM

Table 3 Notations, costs and variables

Notation	Description
$N r$	Total number of service requests
$P = 1,2, 3,4$	Card type set for IP/OTN equipment
$C j$	Port rate set for different types of cards
$N i p_c a r d j / N o t n_c a r d j$	Number of mother card j on one piece of IP/OTN equipment
$N p o r t_i p j / N p o r t_o t n j$	Number of port for IP/OTN equipment on one card j
$C i p - b a s e$	Cost for base system of IP equipment
$C i p - a$ / $C i p - b$	Cost for A-type/B-type card of IP equipment
$C i p - i n t e r f a c e j$ / $C i p - m o d u l e j$	Cost for line card/optical module of IP equipment on one card j
$C o t n - b a s e$	Cost for common unit of OTN equipment
$C o t n_b u s i n e s s j$ / $C o t n - m o d u l e$	Cost for service unit/optical module of OTN equipment
$C t o t a l_i p$ / $C t o t a l_o t n$	Total hardware cost for IP/OTN equipment
$N e d g e_r o u t e r$ / $N c o r e_r o u t e r$	Number of convergence/core IP equipment
$N e d g e_o t n$ / $N c o r e_o t n$	Number of convergence/core OTN equipment
$B s d$	Bandwidth after the OTN multiplexing
$n i t e r$	Iteration time for splitting the middle layer SM

Figure 3 Hardware cost of IP switching and OTN switching: (a) with 6 300 Mbit/s mean bandwidth, 0.3 deviation-mean rate and 0.01 blocking rate; (b) with 6 300 Mbit/s mean bandwidth, 0.5 deviation-mean rate and 0.1 blocking rate

Figure 4 Total hardware cost when service number is 1 800 with: (a) 0.3 deviation-mean-rate and 0.01 blocking rate; (b) 0.5 deviation-mean-rate and 0.01 blocking rate; (c) 0.3 deviation-mean-rate and 0.1 blocking rate; (d) cost of IP switching and OTN switching after using FlexE

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Adaptability Analysis of Fluctuating Traffic for IP Switching and Optical Switching

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