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Robust Movable Antenna Position Optimization Under Imperfect Channel Path Parameters
Jia Qiaoran, Mei Weidong, Wei Xin, Chen Zhi, Ning Boyu
ZTE Communications    2026, 24 (3): 40-47.   DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202603006
Abstract (42)   HTML (1)    PDF (1143KB)(17)       Save

Movable antenna (MA) systems can reshape the wireless channel by repositioning antenna elements in a confined region, but most existing MA optimization methods depend on perfect channel state information (CSI). This paper studies robust joint transmit beamforming and antenna-position optimization for a downlink multiple-input single-output (MISO) MA system with imperfect CSI. Instead of treating CSI errors as unstructured channel perturbations, we introduce bounded uncertainties directly into physical multipath parameters, including path-gain amplitudes and angular parameters. The resulting worst-case signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) design is approximated through discrete sampling and a harmonic-mean surrogate that penalizes weak channel realizations. An alternating optimization algorithm is then developed, where transmit beamforming is updated on the complex sphere manifold, and antenna positions are optimized via a sequential grid search. Simulation results show that the proposed robust design yields higher SNR performance than non-robust designs and the fixed-position antenna (FPA) baseline.

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