Simulation and Modeling of Common Mode EMI Noise in Planar Transformers

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202303014

ZTE Communications ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 105-116.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202303014

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Simulation and Modeling of Common Mode EMI Noise in Planar Transformers

LI Wei¹(), JI Jingkang¹, LIU Yuanlong¹, SUN Jiawei², LIN Subin²

^1.ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen 518057, China
^2.Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China

Received:2022-11-21 Online:2023-09-21 Published:2023-09-21
About author:LI Wei (li.wei27@zte.com.cn) received his MS degree in mechatronic engineering from Southeast University, China in 2017. Currently he is working as an EMC engineer in ZTE Corporation. His research interests include switching power supply of EMC and lightning protection.|JI Jingkang received his MS degree in mechatronic engineering from Southeast University, China in 2020. He currently works as an EMC engineer in ZTE Corporation. His research interests include switching power supply of EMC and reverberation chambers.|LIU Yuanlong received his MS degree from Harbin Institute of Technology, China. Currently he is working as an EMC engineer in ZTE Corporation. His research interests include lightning protection, switching power supply of EMC, and engineering safety.|SUN Jiawei received his BE degree in electrical engineering and automation and ME degree in power electronics and power transmission both from Fuzhou University, China in 2018 and 2022, respectively. His research interest focuses on power electronics high frequency magnetic technology.|LIN Subin received his doctor’s degree from Fuzhou University, China. He currently works as an associate professor with the School of Electrical Automation, Fuzhou University. He has been engaged in the theoretical research and technical development of power electronic magnetic components for a long time. His main research direction is power electronic electromagnetic component technology, electromagnetic compatibility analysis and diagnosis.

Abstract

Abstract:

The transformer is the key circuit component of the common-mode noise current when an isolated converter is working. The high-frequency characteristics of the transformer have an important influence on the common-mode noise of the converter. Traditionally, the measurement method is used for transformer modeling, and a single lumped device is used to establish the transformer model, which cannot be predicted in the transformer design stage. Based on the transformer common-mode noise transmission mechanism, this paper derives the transformer common-mode equivalent capacitance under ideal conditions. According to the principle of experimental measurement of the network analyzer, the electromagnetic field finite element simulation software three-dimensional (3D) modeling and simulation method is used to obtain the two-port parameters of the transformer, extract the high-frequency parameters of the transformer, and establish its electromagnetic compatibility equivalent circuit model. Finally, an experimental prototype is used to verify the correctness of the model by comparing the experimental measurement results with the simulation prediction results.

Key words: planar transformer, electromagnetic compatibility, common-mode noise, simulation, modeling

LI Wei, JI Jingkang, LIU Yuanlong, SUN Jiawei, LIN Subin. Simulation and Modeling of Common Mode EMI Noise in Planar Transformers[J]. ZTE Communications, 2023, 21(3): 105-116.

Figures/Tables 21

Figure 1 Simulation results of one-turn-to-one-turn toroidal planar copper conductors

Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of different angles of the outlet ports of the primary and secondary windings

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the laminated structure of a planar transformer

Table 1 Planar transformer laminated structure parameters

d₁/mil	d₂/mil	d₃/mil	S/mm²
4.5	4.3	5	214.5

Figure 4 Flat transformer winding voltage distribution

Figure 5 Two-capacitor model

Figure 6 Electromagnetic compatibility equivalent circuit model of planar transformer

Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the simulation wiring diagram of the actual working condition of the full-bridge transformer

Figure 8 Equivalent circuit diagram of simulated wiring of full-bridge transformer in actual working conditions

Figure 9 Two-port equivalent circuit diagram

Figure 10 Experimental diagram of the single-turn through-center measurement method

Figure 11 Actual core samples

Figure 12 Real and imaginary parts of core complex permeability extracted by the impedance analyzer

Figure 13 Full-bridge circuit planar transformer simulation model

Figure 14 Planar transformer simulation results

Figure 15 Full bridge circuit conduction test

Figure 16 Full-bridge circuit noise path

Figure 17 Equivalent circuit diagram after applying the substitution theorem

Figure 18 Equivalent circuit diagram considering only current source

Figure 19 Equivalent circuit diagram considering only the voltage source

Figure 20 Predicted noise spectrum and measured noise spectrum

References 14

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Simulation and Modeling of Common Mode EMI Noise in Planar Transformers

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