Leaky-Wave Antennas for 5G/B5G Mobile Communication Systems: A Survey

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202003002

ZTE Communications ›› 2020, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 3-11.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202003002

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Leaky-Wave Antennas for 5G/B5G Mobile Communication Systems: A Survey

HE Yejun¹(), JIANG Jiachun¹, ZHANG Long¹, LI Wenting¹, WONG Sai-Wai¹, DENG Wei², CHI Baoyong²

^1.College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
^2.Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2020-06-16 Online:2020-09-25 Published:2020-11-03
About author:HE Yejun (yjhe@szu.edu.cn) received his Ph.D. degree in Information and Communication Engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China in 2005. Since 2011, he has been a professor with the College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, China, where he is currently the Director of the Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Base Station Antennas and Propagation and the Director of the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Antennas and Propagation. He was selected as Pengcheng Scholar Distinguished Professor, Shenzhen, China. He was also a recipient of the Shenzhen Overseas High-Caliber Personnel Level B (“Peacock Plan Award” B) and Shenzhen High-Level Professional Talent (Local Leading Talent). He was a visiting professor first at the University of Waterloo, Canada and later at Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. He received the 2016 Shenzhen Science and Technology Progress Award and the 2017 Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award. He has authored or co-authored about 200 research papers and books (chapters), and holds about 20 patents. His research interests include wireless communications, antennas and radio frequency. Dr. HE is a Fellow of IET and the Chair of IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society—Shenzhen Chapter. He is serving as the associate editor of IEEE Network, International Journal of Communication Systems, China Communications, and Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing.|JIANG Jiachun received his bachelor degree in electronics science and technology from Donghua University of Technology, China in 2018. He is pursuing his master degree in electronics and information engineering at Shenzhen University, China.|ZHANG Long received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China in 2009 and 2012, respectively and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from the University of Kent, UK in 2017. He is currently an assistant professor with the College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, China. His current research interests include circularly polarized antennas and arrays, mm-wave antennas and arrays, phased arrays, tightly coupled arrays, and reflect arrays. He is a recipient of the Shenzhen Overseas High-Caliber Personnel Level C (“Peacock Plan Award” C).|LI Wenting received the B.S. degree in electronic information engineering and the M.S. degree in electromagnetic field and microwave technology from Northwestern Polytechnical University, China in 2011 and 2014, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from the University of Kent, UK in 2019. He is currently an assistant professor with the College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, China. His current research interests include reflectarray antennas, reconfigurable antennas, circularly polarized antennas, and multibeam antennas.|WONG Sai-Wai received the B.S. degree in electronic engineering from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China in 2003, and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in communication engineering from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore in 2006 and 2009, respectively. In 2016, he was a visiting professor with the City University of Hong Kong, China. Since 2017, he is a full professor with College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, China. His current research interests include RF/microwave circuit and antennas design. Dr. WONG was a recipient of the New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET) Award and the Shenzhen Overseas High-Caliber Personnel Level C (“Peacock Plan Award” C).|DENG Wei received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electronic engineering from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China in 2006 and 2009, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan in 2013. From 2013 to 2014, he was a post-doctoral researcher with the Tokyo Institute of Technology. From 2015 to 2019, he was with Apple Inc., Cupertino, USA, working on RF, mm?wave, and mixed-signal IC design for wireless transceivers and Apple A?series processors. Since 2019, he has been a faculty member with the Department of Microelectronics and Nano Electronics, Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, China. He has authored or coauthored over 80 IEEE journal and conference articles. His research interests include RF, mm-wave, terahertz, and mixed-signal integrated circuits and system for wireless communications, radars, and imaging systems.|CHI Baoyong received the B.S. degree in microelectronics from Peking University, China in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree from Tsinghua University, China in 2003. From 2006 to 2007, he was a visiting assistant professor with Stanford University, USA. He is currently a full professor and the deputy director with the Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University. He has authored over 140 academic articles and two books, and holds more than 20 patents. His current research interests include RF/mm-wave integrated circuit design, analog integrated circuit design, and monolithic wireless transceiver chips for radar and communications. Dr. CHI has been a TPC Member of A‐SSCC since 2005.
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(62071306);in part by the Mobility Program for Taiwan Young Scientists(RW2019TW001);in part by Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(GJHZ20180418190529516)

Abstract

Abstract:

Since leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) have the advantages of high directivity, low loss and structural simplicity, LWAs are very suitable for designing millimeter-wave (mmW) antennas. The purpose of this paper is to review the latest research progress of LWAs for 5G/B5G mobile communication systems. Firstly, the conventional classification and design methods of LWAs are introduced and the effects of the phase constant and attenuation constant on the radiation characteristics are discussed. Then two types of new LWAs for 5G/B5G mobile communication systems including broadband fixed-beam LWAs and frequency-fixed beam-scanning LWAs are summarized. Finally, the challenges and future research directions of LWAs for 5G/B5G mobile communication systems are presented.

Key words: 5G/B5G, beam-scanning, frequency-fixed, fixed-beam, millimeter-wave (mmW), leaky-wave antenna (LWA)

HE Yejun, JIANG Jiachun, ZHANG Long, LI Wenting, WONG Sai-Wai, DENG Wei, CHI Baoyong. Leaky-Wave Antennas for 5G/B5G Mobile Communication Systems: A Survey[J]. ZTE Communications, 2020, 18(3): 3-11.

Figures/Tables 15

References 41

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	Antenna Type	Guided Wave Structure	Advantage	Operating Frequencies/GHz	Max Gain/dBi	Beam Squinting/°
[30]	LWA loaded with metasurface	Coplanar waveguide	? Simple structure	9.5–10.45	5	12
[31]	LWA loaded with prism	Substrate integrated waveguide	? Lightweight ? Easy to integrate with other circuits	35–40	8.5	1
[32]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low loss	11.5–13	16.5	0.6
[34]	LWA loaded with prism and metasurface	Ridged gap waveguid	? Custom beam direction ? Minituriazation	9.3–11.3 (Radiating at an angle of 38.3°)	15.7	1.5
[34]	LWA loaded with prism and metasurface	Ridged gap waveguid	? Custom beam direction ? Minituriazation	9.5–11.3 (Radiating at an angle of -0.4°)	15.2	1.2
[35]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low side lobe level ? High cost-efficiency ? Stable manufacturing process	54.81–61.19 (Glide-symmetric)	16.5	3.4
[35]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide		54.81–61.19 (Mirror-symmetric)	17.5	1.8
[36]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low side lobe level ? Dual beam radiation	54–66 (Asymmetric)	17	1
[36]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low side lobe level ? Dual beam radiation	54–66 (Symmetric)	15	1

	Antenna Type	Guided Wave Structure	Advantage	Operating Frequencies/GHz	Max Gain/dBi	Beam Squinting/°
[30]	LWA loaded with metasurface	Coplanar waveguide	? Simple structure	9.5–10.45	5	12
[31]	LWA loaded with prism	Substrate integrated waveguide	? Lightweight ? Easy to integrate with other circuits	35–40	8.5	1
[32]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low loss	11.5–13	16.5	0.6
[34]	LWA loaded with prism and metasurface	Ridged gap waveguid	? Custom beam direction ? Minituriazation	9.3–11.3 (Radiating at an angle of 38.3°)	15.7	1.5
[34]	LWA loaded with prism and metasurface	Ridged gap waveguid	? Custom beam direction ? Minituriazation	9.5–11.3 (Radiating at an angle of -0.4°)	15.2	1.2
[35]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low side lobe level ? High cost-efficiency ? Stable manufacturing process	54.81–61.19 (Glide-symmetric)	16.5	3.4
[35]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide		54.81–61.19 (Mirror-symmetric)	17.5	1.8
[36]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low side lobe level ? Dual beam radiation	54–66 (Asymmetric)	17	1
[36]	LWA loaded with prism	Groove gap waveguide	? Low side lobe level ? Dual beam radiation	54–66 (Symmetric)	15	1

	Antenna Type	Operating Principle	Operating Frequencies/GHz	Max Gain/dBi	Beam Scanning Range/deg
[37]	CRLH	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	2.4	6.15	40 to -17
[38]	Corrugated microstrip line	Modulation on surface impedance	5.5–5.8	8	-16 to 27 (at 5.8 GHz)
[39]	Corrugated SIW	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	4.5	7.5	-40.66 to 31.32
[40]	Microstrip CRLH	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	5	5.7	-37 to 32
[40]	Microstrip CRLH	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	5.25	6.4	-15 to 34
[41]	Slotted SIW	Reconfiguration of period length	5	11.8	-60 to 65

	Antenna Type	Operating Principle	Operating Frequencies/GHz	Max Gain/dBi	Beam Scanning Range/deg
[37]	CRLH	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	2.4	6.15	40 to -17
[38]	Corrugated microstrip line	Modulation on surface impedance	5.5–5.8	8	-16 to 27 (at 5.8 GHz)
[39]	Corrugated SIW	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	4.5	7.5	-40.66 to 31.32
[40]	Microstrip CRLH	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	5	5.7	-37 to 32
[40]	Microstrip CRLH	Manipulation on dispersion characteristic	5.25	6.4	-15 to 34
[41]	Slotted SIW	Reconfiguration of period length	5	11.8	-60 to 65

Leaky-Wave Antennas for 5G/B5G Mobile Communication Systems: A Survey

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