Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for UAV Assisted Clustered IoT Network Utilizing Blockchain

doi:10.12142/ZTECOM.202101005

ZTE Communications ›› 2021, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 30-38.DOI: 10.12142/ZTECOM.202101005

收稿日期:2020-12-10 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-09

Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for UAV Assisted Clustered IoT Network Utilizing Blockchain

LIN Xinhua, ZHANG Jing(), LI Qiang

Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2020-12-10 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-09
About author:LIN Xinhua is a graduate student of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China. His main research interests include UAV communications, blockchain technology and IoT networks.|ZHANG Jing (zhangjing@hust.edu.cn) received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electronics and information engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China in 2002 and 2010, respectively. He is currently an associate professor with HUST. He has conducted research in the areas of multiple-input multiple-output, CoMP, beamforming, and next-generation mobile communications. His current research interests include HetNet in 5G, green communications, energy harvesting, IoT network, optimization and performance analysis in networks.|LI Qiang received the Ph.D. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore in 2011. He is currently an associate professor with Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China. His current research interests include next generation mobile communications, fog computing, edge caching, cognitive radios/spectrum sharing, wireless cooperative communications, full-duplex techniques, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer.

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

To guarantee the security of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, the blockchain technology is often applied to clustered IoT networks. However, cluster heads (CHs) need to undertake additional control tasks. For battery-powered IoT devices, the conventional CH selection algorithm is limited. Based on the above problem, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) network assisted clustered IoT system is proposed, and a corresponding UAV CH selection algorithm is designed. In this scheme, UAVs are selected as CHs to serve IoT clusters. The proposed CH selection algorithm considers the maximal transmit power, residual energy and distance information of UAVs, which can greatly extend the working life of IoT clusters. Through Monte Carlo simulation, the key performance indexes of the system, including energy consumption, average secrecy rate and the maximal number of data packets received by the base station (BS), are evaluated. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has great advantages compared with the existing CH selection algorithms.

Key words: cluster head selection, unmanned aerial vehicle, blockchain, IoT, average secrecy rate

. [J]. ZTE Communications, 2021, 19(1): 30-38.

LIN Xinhua, ZHANG Jing, LI Qiang. Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for UAV Assisted Clustered IoT Network Utilizing Blockchain[J]. ZTE Communications, 2021, 19(1): 30-38.

图/表 7

Figure 1 UAV assisted clustered IoT network utilizing blockchain

Figure 2 Private blockchain constructed for IoT clusters and PBFT process

Figure 3 Diagram of system secrecy rate

Table 1 Simulation parameters

Parameter	Value
Network area	100 m×100 m
Number of UAVs	5–30
Total number of IoT devices	10–150
The number of IoT in a cluster	4–20
UAV transmit power $P m$	2–4 W
UAV remaining energy $E m$	400–900 kJ
IoT transmit power $P k$	0.5–1.5 W
Computational capability of an IoT device $f k$	0.1 GHz CPU cycles/bit
Computational energy efficiency coefficient of the processors chip in an IoT device $k m$	$10 - 26$
Computation workload/intensity $s m$	18 000 CPU cycles/bit
Sizes of transaction $L$	256 bit
Size of a packet transmitted by an IoT device $L k$	4 000 bit
Noise power, $σ 2$	-100 dBm
Weighting factors, $α, ? β, ? ?, ? θ$	0.3, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2

Table 1 Simulation parameters

Parameter	Value
Network area	100 m×100 m
Number of UAVs	5–30
Total number of IoT devices	10–150
The number of IoT in a cluster	4–20
UAV transmit power $P m$	2–4 W
UAV remaining energy $E m$	400–900 kJ
IoT transmit power $P k$	0.5–1.5 W
Computational capability of an IoT device $f k$	0.1 GHz CPU cycles/bit
Computational energy efficiency coefficient of the processors chip in an IoT device $k m$	$10 - 26$
Computation workload/intensity $s m$	18 000 CPU cycles/bit
Sizes of transaction $L$	256 bit
Size of a packet transmitted by an IoT device $L k$	4 000 bit
Noise power, $σ 2$	-100 dBm
Weighting factors, $α, ? β, ? ?, ? θ$	0.3, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2

Figure 4 Energy consumption versus the number of IoT devices

Figure 5 Average secrecy rate versus the number of eavesdroppers

Figure 6 Packets received by BS versus different positions of BS

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Cluster Head Selection Algorithm for UAV Assisted Clustered IoT Network Utilizing Blockchain

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